Leaving Canada while receiving social assistance and various government services requires mandatory notification of the relevant services. Failure to do so may result in overpayments, penalties, termination of benefits, and legal complications. This article will take a detailed look at all stages of the process, from determining which services to notify to practical steps for completing the necessary paperwork and meeting application deadlines.
The Canadian social assistance system consists of federal and provincial programs. Each has its own requirements for reporting a change in residency status or a prolonged absence from the country.
Each province has its own rules for reporting departure. For example, in British Columbia, social assistance recipients must report any absence of more than 30 days. In Ontario, this period is only 7 days for Ontario Works and 30 days for the Ontario Disability Support Program.
Ontario Works: A person who leaves Ontario for more than seven days is not eligible for assistance unless the absence is approved by an administrator. If the recipient leaves for 14 days without approval, an overpayment is calculated for days 8–14, and assistance is canceled starting on the 8th day.
Ontario Disability Support Program (ODSP): Recipients who are absent from Ontario for more than 30 days are not eligible for income support unless the absence is deemed necessary. Absence may be considered necessary for reasons related to health, attendance at a post-secondary institution outside Ontario, or in exceptional circumstances.
British Columbia: A recipient who is eligible for assistance may leave BC for less than 30 consecutive days without penalty. Recipients who are absent from BC for more than 30 consecutive days are not eligible for assistance unless they have obtained prior approval from the ministry.
Employment Insurance (EI): While receiving unemployment benefits, you must file reports every two weeks. If you leave Canada, this is considered a change in circumstances and must be reported to Service Canada immediately.
Canada Pension Plan Disability (CPP-D): A change in residency status may affect your eligibility for disability benefits. You must notify Service Canada of any change in address or residency status.
Old Age Security (OAS) and Guaranteed Income Supplement (GIS): These programs have strict residency requirements. Extended absences may result in suspension or reduction of benefits.
Each province requires notification of permanent departure from the province or country.
British Columbia: The fastest way to notify Health Insurance BC of a permanent move outside of BC is to submit your details online using the “MSP Permanent Move Outside of B.C.” form. The form takes about 10–15 minutes to complete. If you are moving outside of Canada, your coverage ends on the day you leave BC.
Northwest Territories: If you are moving outside of Canada, your coverage will end on the day you leave the NWT. You must notify the Health Services Administration when you permanently leave the NWT.
Quebec: You must report any change in your situation, including your stay outside Quebec. You can do this by calling the Centre de communication avec la clientèle between 8:30 a.m. and 4:30 p.m., Monday through Friday.
Make a complete list of all federal and provincial programs you are participating in. This includes:
Each program has its own:
Notify the following immediately:
Documentation:
Obtain written confirmation from all services that:
Overpayments: If you continue to receive payments after you leave without reporting it, any funds you received without being entitled to them will be considered overpayments that you will have to repay.
Penalties and sanctions: Some provinces impose additional penalties for failure to report changes in circumstances. For example, in the Northwest Territories, individuals who make false or misleading statements may be denied assistance for one month.
Criminal liability: In cases of intentional fraud, the case may be referred to law enforcement authorities.
Many provinces allow temporary absence for medical treatment. You must:
Some programs allow payments to continue for students studying at accredited institutions abroad. Requirements include:
In exceptional family circumstances (illness of a close relative, funeral), temporary permission to leave may be granted.
If you are returning to Canada after an extended absence:
Notify immediately: all services of your return and your intention to resume participation in programs.
Reapply: In many cases, you will need to submit a new application, as your file may have been closed.
Waiting period: Waiting periods may apply before benefits resume.
Documentation: Keep all documents related to your departure and return to confirm the length of your absence.
The Canadian government offers a free service called Registration of Canadians Abroad, which allows you to:
Although this registration is not mandatory for social assistance purposes, it may be useful for maintaining contact with Canadian services.
Notifying social assistance services of your departure from Canada is a legal obligation that requires careful preparation and timely execution. The key to a successful process is to identify all the programs you are participating in early on, determine the specific requirements of each service, and comply with the notification deadlines. Keeping complete records of all communications will help avoid misunderstandings and ensure a smooth resumption of services if you return to Canada. Failure to comply with these obligations can result in significant financial consequences and legal complications, so it is important to approach this process with the utmost responsibility and attention to detail.