Does public transport operate on snowy days?

Public transportation in Calgary continues to operate even on the most challenging snow days, but with significant restrictions and changes that can greatly impact the user experience. After analyzing official reports, statistics, and passenger testimonials, it becomes clear that winter conditions pose a constant challenge to the city's public transportation system, requiring passengers to exercise extra patience, flexibility, and understanding of how transportation works in extreme weather conditions.

History of problems: the example of Snowtober

The history of winter problems in the Calgary transportation system goes back decades, but it became particularly evident in 2018 during an event that local media dubbed “Snowtober” — a record-breaking October snowfall. At that time, more than 80 buses were stuck in the snow in just one morning rush hour. This was a turning point that forced Calgary Transit to rethink its approach to winter operations.

Snow detour system

This system includes alternative routes for 45 bus routes. When snow is forecast, Calgary Transit proactively activates all snow detours to ensure predictability for passengers.

But...

The first major test in 2023 showed mixed results: fewer delays, but more confusion. Many passengers were unaware of the route changes or did not understand where the buses would stop.

Communication issues

Despite publications in apps and social media, passengers often do not receive or understand information in a timely manner. This is compounded by Calgary Transit's outdated dispatch system, which is over 20 years old.

Technological limitations

The CAD/AVL system often loses connection at critical moments. An upgrade is already in the supplier selection phase but has not yet been implemented.

Tires, chains, and driver experience

Buses do not have winter tires — Calgary Transit cites a study that showed that winter tires offer no advantages. Instead, chains and driver skills are used.

LRT is better, but not perfect

CTrain handles snow better, but it also has mechanical problems in extreme cold. New Green Line trains are being tested at -40°C.

Impact of weather on safety

From January 10 to 16, 2024, there were 1,100 traffic accidents, 70 of which resulted in injuries. This directly affects public transportation, as buses get stuck in traffic jams just like private cars.

Snow removal: three levels

  1. CTrain/MAX platforms — within 24 hours
  2. Bus terminals — within 24 hours
  3. Bus stops — within 4–7 days

Inequality in passenger experience

Passengers on central routes have fewer problems. But residents of new neighborhoods, such as Panorama Hills, have to walk 30 minutes to bus stops during snowfall.

Public safety and comfort

72% of passengers feel safe during the day on CTrain, but only 39% feel safe at night. These figures are even lower in winter.

Economic and environmental impact

  • Productivity losses due to delays are significant.
  • Traffic jams = more emissions and fuel consumption
  • Chemicals on the roads = corrosion of vehicles and infrastructure

Innovations: BTES, testing, electric buses

  • Ground source heat energy storage (BTES) technology
  • Electric buses have potential but are not yet reliable in winter
  • Green Line testing for cold weather resilience

Social aspect

People on lower incomes rely most on transport and suffer the most. Particularly vulnerable:

  • Students
  • Elderly people
  • People with disabilities

Psychological factor

Regular negative winter experiences can lead to a loss of trust in transport and a shift to private cars, which worsens the situation overall.

Future improvements

  • Modernization of CAD/AVL
  • More electric buses
  • Better driver training
  • Improved service through social media

Recommendations for passengers

Conclusion

The system works, but it has its limitations. Winter in Calgary is always a challenge, both for the transportation system and for passengers. The key is to be prepared for change, stay informed, and be adaptable. The future lies in innovation, transparency, and cooperation between the city and its citizens.